In medicine, theconcept of pay-for-performance — in which doctors are rewarded for meeting certain specific quality targets such as preventing hospital-acquired infections or too many readmissions — sounds great. But in reality, there’s a dark side, according to a new editorial. David Himmelstein, HMS visiting professor of medicine and Steffie Woolhandler, HMS visiting professor of medicine, both of Cambridge Health Alliance, are two of the editorial writers.